Herald of the Odessa National Maritime University

To the centenary of professor Gyliyev Yu.M.

2025-06-09T13:29:19+00:00

Today, after many years, Professor Yu. M. Guliev appears before us as a major scientist and organizer of science, who left a noticeable mark on domestic and world science.

Creation of mathematic model of definition of main dimensions of subsea construction vessel of new generation: influence of pipe-laying equipment

2025-06-09T13:29:21+00:00

The article is devoted to the scientifically substantiated selection of the main dimensions of the FPSO for operation as a pipe-laying vessel on the Caspian shelf at the initial design stages. On the basis of practical experience of using specialized pipe-laying vessels it is proposed to use universal subsea engineering support vessels (SESV). A system analysis was carried out and a mathematical model was formed to determine the main dimensions of SESV when using pipe-laying equipment. The influence of pipe-laying operations and equipment on the main dimensions of SESV was assessed. On the basis of the research, the previously developed nomogram of formation of main dimensions of SESV taking into account the use of pipe-laying equipment has been supplemented. The model of optimization of the main dimensions of SESV obtained on the basis of the performed dependences and the developed nomogram was formed. With the help of this model the parameters of SESV are determined for pipe-laying operations in the Caspian Sea basin.

Application of the deformable coordinate method to the determination of finite amplitude’s wave characteristics in deep water and shallow water

2025-06-09T13:29:25+00:00

Specifics of defining characteristics for finite amplitude waves with the help of deformed coordinates method for deep water and shallowness are shown. Comparison of shallow water wave profiles for proposed approximate theory, Stokes and cnoidal theories is introduced. The study of wave movements on the free surface of the waters of seas and oceans develops in four directions: hydrodynamic, energetic, statistical and spectral based on the use of theoretical and experimental methods. The essence of the hydrodynamic theory of waves is the mathematical study of the wave motions of an ideal fluid with a free surface. This theory makes it possible to accurately assess the internal dynamic structure of wave motion, the connections between individual elements of waves. The answer to one of the main questions in the theory of sea waves: why does a barely noticeable wind ripple under the action of a strong wind grow in the ocean spaces into giant waves and what mechanism of their extinguishing allows the energy theory to be obtained? A distinctive feature of sea waves is the complexity and known chaos of the structure of the agitated surface. The study of this issue is conducted from two points of view. On the one hand, the statistical laws of the distribution of the directly observable elements of waves-heights, periods, and lengths are studied; on the other hand, the internal spectral structure of the surface, its energy spectrum, is studied.

Influence of thrusters on the electric ships’ maneuvering characteristics during their circulation run

2025-06-09T13:29:33+00:00

The purpose of the study is to develop a method for assessing the influence of thrusters on the electric ships’ controllability indicators when entering circulation. When performing maneuvering operations, all components of the electric ships’ propulsion systems continuously operate in transient modes. The analysis of maneuvering properties in such conditions should be carried out considering the joint operation of all components of a ship’s propulsion system. The indicators of the Maneuverability Standard and the quality indicators of the functioning of the ship's electric power plant were chosen as the quality criteria. The calculation of the thrusters’ operating modes is based on an analytical method that allows estimating the thrust and resistance moment of the propellers in transient modes, taking into account the hydrodynamic processes of their interaction with the ship's hull. A method for assessing the maneuvering characteristics of propulsion systems has been developed, taking into consideration the loads on their electric power plants. The degree of influence of the ship's speed on maneuverability indicators when entering a curvilinear trajectory has been revealed. It is shown that the significant influence of thrusters on maneuvering characteristics is manifested at low speeds. The loads on the ship's electrical power system do not exceed the permissible limits. The calculation method makes it possible to evaluate the electric ships’ maneuverability indicators and the quality indicators of their electrical power plants. It becomes possible to predict maneuvering properties of ships’ propulsion complexes with thrusters. Applied programs and research results open up opportunities for optimizing the control of electrical power plants.

Nonlinear calculation of the berth jn the form of the angle retaining wall together with the soil and water environment with dynamic loading

2025-06-09T13:29:41+00:00

A connected system consisting of an angular retaining wall, a foundation for equipment, soil and water environment is considered. The stress-strain state and wave processes that arise in the structure and the base from the action of dynamic loads are studied. The elastic-plastic properties of the system materials are taken into account. The theory of plastic flow with strengthening is used, which is based on the Mises maximum principle. It was assumed that the deformations of the system occur at small elongations, displacements and angles of rotation. Therefore, the dependence between the increments of deformations and displacements was determined by linear Cauchy relations. For the retaining wall and the foundation, the Geniev condition was used as a function of the load, and for the soil massif, the Coulomb-Mohr condition. To solve the nonlinear problem, a modified implicit Newmark method was used, which is absolutely stable, which allowed us to significantly increase the length of the time step compared to explicit methods and obtain more reliable results. For the numerical implementation of the proposed method, a software package developed in the Delpfi system was used. The results of the study of oscillatory processes are presented in the form of diagrams of displacements and stresses at characteristic points at a given time interval. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, it was established that the change in time of the properties of one element of the system affects the stress-strain state of another. Therefore, only their joint calculation will allow obtaining correct results. In addition, when solving dynamic problems, it is necessary to take into account the deformations and stresses obtained from static loads, since they affect the oscillatory process that occurs during dynamic loading of the system.

Practical issues of ensuring maritime safety measures considering environmental consequences of accidents

2025-06-09T13:29:48+00:00

The article explores the main risk areas in maritime navigation related to human factors, equipment failures and severe weather conditions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the environmental consequences of maritime accidents, in particular oil spills and degradation of marine ecosystems. The provisions of international conventions on safety of navigation (SOLAS, COLREG-72, ISM Code) and modern approaches to risk management, including crew training, process automation, technical condition monitoring and environmental protection, are considered. Of particular scientific value is the proposed system of mathematical models for assessing environmental risk, which take into account the probability of an accident, the amount of pollution, the sensitivity of the marine environment, and economic losses. The presented models provide for making informed decisions on planning preventive measures and optimizing actions in emergency situations. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of investments in crew training, monitoring and automation systems, which demonstrates the ability of such measures to significantly reduce the level of risks and ensure sustainable shipping safety. An integrated approach that combines technical, human and environmental factors creates a scientific basis for developing an effective maritime risk management strategy.

Causes of injuries to employees in sea ports

2025-06-09T13:29:55+00:00

Statistical data on accidents in Ukrainian ports were analyzed. The reasons for the high level of injuries among port workers were considered. Seaports are one of the most dangerous workplaces due to the high concentration of transport, heavy equipment and labor intensity. Work in the port can take place in difficult weather conditions, which increases the risk of injuries. Physical and psychological stress associated with the need to quickly perform operations to ensure uninterrupted movement of cargo increases the risk of injury. The port territory may be subject to increased pollution due to emissions from transport, dust from cargo overloading and other factors, which can negatively affect the health of workers. The value of the risk of injury was calculated. The effectiveness of existing protection mechanisms was analyzed and the main directions for improving safety were proposed. It was emphasized that an important element of accident prevention is the implementation of an occupational safety management system, which provides for constant risk monitoring, regular briefings and training of workers. Additionally, it is worth implementing modern technologies that will help automate safety control, such as sensors for monitoring equipment status and software for risk assessment.

Optimization of plasma-powder surfacing parameters using regression-correlation analysis

2025-06-09T13:30:01+00:00

The article presents a methodology for optimizing the parameters of plasma-powder surfacing using regression-correlation analysis. Plasma-powder surfacing is a highly efficient method of applying wear-resistant coatings, which is widely used in mechanical engineering, metallurgy, shipbuilding, and ship repair. The surfacing process depends on a number of parameters, such as arc current and voltage, surfacing speed, and plasma torch angle. These factors significantly affect the performance characteristics of the resulting coatings. In this work, the influence of technological parameters of plasma-powder surfacing on the strength and durability of deposited materials was investigated, and a mathematical model was built to optimize the technological process. A full factorial experiment was used for four variables at two levels, which allowed us to evaluate the interaction between the parameters and their influence on the endurance limit of the samples. The results show that the deposition current, arc voltage, and plasma torch angle have the greatest influence on the quality of coatings, while the deposition speed is a less significant factor. The built regression model provides accurate forecasting with a determination coefficient of R² = 0.9365, which indicates a high correspondence of the model to real data. The developed methodology reduces the consumption of materials and time, improves the quality of coatings and increases the efficiency of the plasma-powder surfacing process. The practical application of the results involves the use of a mathematical model to adjust the deposition parameters depending on the requirements for the final product. This opens up new opportunities for automation and productivity improvement in industrial environments.

Increasing the stability and accuracy of electronics scales for indastrial weighing

2025-06-09T13:30:10+00:00

The paper considers the issues of applying a mathematical model of a strain signals sources as a two-oscillatory system with demoing. Types of strain signals corresponding to the operating and emergency modes of strain gauges in weighing platforms were found. Synthesised algorithms for dynamic interference suppression with adaptation of the analog-to-digital converter to their characteristics by envelope transformations and processing of a plurality of pairs of strain signal samples of distant half-periods of the obstructed. А synthesis method has been developed based on the stability criterion of the optimal ADC structure with out a tendency’s to self-excitation with an ultimates increase in resolution and speed. Eliminates the need for any adjustment of the ADC to the characteristics of dynamic interference at the operating site.

Problematic issues of operation and utilization of air turbine blades

2025-06-09T13:30:15+00:00

The gradual increase in the number of electricity producers predicts the further development of alternative energy. Renewable energy is an environmentally friendly, inexhaustible source of energy, which makes it possible to reduce the burden on the resource base and reduce overall resource consumption. In addition, the use of rene-wable energy sources contributes to the sustainable development of cities, which, thanks to solar, wind, biogas installations, can provide themselves with electricity, thereby reducing their costs and resource dependence. The population can independently produce electricity and control its distribution, while also minimizing losses during transmission over long distances. Wind energy is one of the promising areas in the field of renewable energy sources. The article examines the problematic issues of using wind energy and disposing of wind turbine blades, which is the main goal of the work. It is well known that certain conditions are required to generate electricity from wind turbines. As research has shown, the most promising places for the production of electrical energy are considered to be coastal sea areas, where powerful air currents are formed during the year. Research into the problem of disposal shows that this issue is very relevant and outweighs all the advantages of wind energy. The typical lifespan of wind turbine blades is about 20-25 years. Among the modern recycling methods, the following options are being considered to solve this problem ‒ using fiberglass as noise barriers, for example, on high-ways and pressing of blades, for example, into fibreboards for use as pallets in the construction industry, fencing and railway sleepers, etc. To achieve the goal, the authors of the article applied the methods of analytical review of scientist’s and specialist’s works of scientists and experts, systematic analysis of theoretical materials and practical recommendations in world practice regarding the operation and disposal of wind turbine elements. It was found that scientific analysis is mainly focused on researching the optimal and highest-quality disposal methods, which requires future, global research

Modern paradigm for creating a theoretical and methodological arsenal for managing the process of handling vessels in ports

2025-06-09T13:30:23+00:00

In the work of modern minds, the functions of the Ukrainian economy, if all resource potential will be directed to the preservation of independence, promotion in all galleries, inclusion of transport, must be introduced on a non-investment basis.

Such an approach must be completely consolidated, first of all, for the develop- ment of the theory and methods of managing subjects of government activity, including ports, with the emergence of new approaches to neo-classical management through the creation of the so-called smart port, management which is logical to associate with the intelligent management system.

Research is focused on the development of a theoretical and methodological arsenal of control of the vessel processing process (VSP), as the primary basis of port production in the sense of proximity to the level of smart control, adequate to the image of a smart port. It is equipped with the concept of an intelligent warehouse processing system for vessels (ISSU-POS), which is designed to ensure this process with the maximum possible efficiency for the port. Within the framework of ISSU-POS, a mechanism for adaptive control of vessel processing has been developed based on a double-circuit model, which transfers the ability to generate planned and regulating inflows to the POS. It is shown that this mechanism should be used to ensure continuous implementation of the situational plan for the processing of vessels at the boundaries of the management interval. It is proven that situational planning of the PIC is based on solving problems related to the distribution and use of transshipment resources when using ship cargo operations with reference to calendar time, due to which the PIC is considered in dynamics. Basic economic and mathematical models of the above tasks have been developed for the most relevant production situations from a practical point of view. A distinctive feature of these models is that they take into account the calendar aspect of the POS planning, which has significant theoretical and practical significance. It is shown that the integration of these methodological tools into the ISSU-POS structure should be carried out as part of an adaptive algorithm for situational planning of ship handling.

Modern trends in the world shipping market

2025-06-09T13:30:29+00:00

A set of trends influencing the state of the modern global shipping industry are studied. The influence of these trends on the course of the transportation process is considered. The latest studies dedicated to the study of the current state of the maritime shipping industry are analyzed. The balance of supply and demand for tonnage is studied. The roles of new trade alliances between maritime carriers, the reasons and consequences of these alliances for the shipping industry are taken into account. The problem of port throughput due to insufficient investment, outdated handling infrastructure, labor shortages and post-pandemic shifts is noted. The role of new technologies in increasing the efficiency of transport infrastructure and increasing port throughput is taken into account. This is achieved through process automation, optimization of cargo operations, reducing the role of the human factor and reducing time costs. The influence of geopolitical factors on maritime transportation is noted, which can entail disruptions in transportation, increase unproductive time costs, lead to traffic jams in ports and reduce the efficiency of deliveries in general. The role of trade policy as a factor capable of increasing costs and creating additional restrictions on certain markets is taken into account. Trends in the market for transportation by multi-purpose and container vessels are studied. Current trends concerning the decommissioning and replenishment of the world merchant fleet are considered. Current trends in the write-off and replenishment of the world merchant fleet are considered. Economical, political and technological factors that can affect the transport industry are revealed.

Cargo hold cleanliness: international requirements and practical aspects of conducting independent inspections

2025-06-09T13:30:34+00:00

The article examines the requirements for conducting cargo holds cleanliness inspections. The international cleanliness standards requirements and practical aspects of independent inspections are analyzed. The importance of inspection objects, both the cargo compartments themselves and their closing mechanisms, their integrity, operability and tightness is determined. The dependence of compliance with a certain degree of cleanliness on the conditions prescribed in the chartering agreement is noted and five standards for the cleanliness of cargo compartments used in maritime practice are analyzed. The article separately notes the peculiarity of conducting inspections of cargo compartments cleanliness at river ports, through which cargo is transported by river and mixed navigation barges. A general scheme for conducting an independent cleanliness inspection of cargo holds has been developed, the sequence of operations has been determined and the connections between the independent inspection operations have been established. The importance of independent inspection for ensuring the safety of transportation and preserving the quality of cargo is emphasized

Theoretical and methodological basis for scheduling of ship processing

2025-06-09T13:30:38+00:00

Over the past two decades, research on improving the efficiency of ports and port operators has shown a trend towards creating a so-called «smart port» based on the ideas of the latest scientific directions, such as agile-transformation, scrum- management, digital control and adequate development of the methodological arsenal of intra-port operational management. In this paper, in accordance with the indicated orientation, the main provisions of the ship processing calendar planning are investigated, which still remain extremely poorly studied. This study is aimed at substantiating the relevant for theory and practice options for setting the task of ship processing calendar planning, which is considered separately, and creating adequate economic and mathematical models for it. Typical production situations for practice were analyzed and conditions for the organization of ship handling were determined for them. It was shown that for the study of the outlined task it is advisable to be guided by the inductive method of cognition, that is, to move from its individual statements to the general statement. It is proven that the basic separate formulation of the problem should be determined by the conditions of organizing the loading (unloading) of vessels with a homogeneous cargo at constant values of the parameters (indicators) of this process, which is typical for specialized berths. It has been established that the only correct approach to creating a ship handling schedule is an approach that involves simultaneous modeling of the components of this process, namely cargo handling, loading (unloading) of ship hatches, and the use of transshipment resources. The content of the basic separate and general statements of the task of planning the ship processing process in a calendar form is presented, and economic and mathematical models adequate to both statements of the task are developed, which provide a representation of the ship processing process in dynamics with its «schedule» in time. It is shown that in addition to the above models, it is advisable to further develop a compensation mechanism for eliminating violations of the planned regime of ship handling in accordance with the concept of system optimization of intra-port operational management.