Environmental assessment of the possibility of using drainage and wastewater for drip irrigation in the influence zone of the Lower-Dnistro irrigation system
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Abstract
The article highlights the basic principles of assessing the quality of drainage and discharge waters in the area of influence of the Lower Dniester irrigation system regarding the possibility of their reuse for drip irrigation systems. For the study, drainage areas of closed horizontal drainage 1Gdr, 2Gdr, 4Gdr, C-1, C-2, and 10 Gdr were selected, which are located on the sloping lands of the Lower Dniester irrigation system and are in the land use of the Mayakivska and Nadlymanska territorial communities of the Odessa region. To achieve the goal of the work, the following tasks were implemented: assessing the quality of drainage waters according to the risk of secondary salinization, alkalization and solanization of the soil, as well as the degree of impact of irrigation water on the elements of drip irrigation systems (DIS). The results of the study showed that the drainage waters of the studied areas belong to the III quality class due to the danger of irrigation salinization of the soil and cannot be used for drip irrigation. The calculated indicators of toxic ions, reflected in equivalents of chloride ions, in most of the studied drainage water samples exceeded the normalized values (25,0 meq/dm 3 ) by 1,6-2,8 times. A significant number of the studied drainage water samples are characterized by a high content of toxic sulfate ions, the concentration of which varied within 31,5-57,5 meq/dm 3 , which is 60-70% of the total salt content of drainage and discharge waters. The mineralization of water resources of the studied drainage areas varied within 6,6-7,2 g/dm 3 , which significantly exceeds the normalized values (less than 0,5 g/dm 3 ) and is «unsuitable» for drip irrigation in terms of water suitability. According to the risk of soil salinization, drainage waters belong to the II quality class. Irrigation with such water creates the risk of irrigation salinization, alkalization, and soil salinization, and can have a toxic effect on plants. According to the risk of soil alkalization, drainage waters belong to the II quality class and are assessed as «limitedly suitable» for drip irrigation systems. Water of this quality can be used for micro-irrigation under the conditions of constant control of its quality and the mandatory application of a complex of agro-ameliorative measures.
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References
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